A hunt is checked in the forest and at the border, by a person holding a device. The rules for the wallet are written mostly for online services. What holds face to face, with no coverage, is thinner.
No rule we found makes anyone accept your phone in a check made face to face.
Nothing we found obliges anyone to accept a wallet in a check made in person, and in the EU’s technical framework those who check need not be able to read one at close range. The duties to accept are for online services. As we read it, until a sector’s own rules say otherwise, today’s document comes along.
More on this: No rule we found makes anyone accept your phone in a check made face to face.
The game asks: “Will the officer at the border accept your phone, or must you bring the papers anyway, and what if the battery is dead?”
What we know
Where a public body asks for electronic identification for an online service, the member state must also accept the wallet.1
The ARF says outright that an organisation that checks need not support checks at close range.2
A credential from a qualified provider, or from a public body responsible for the source behind it, has the same legal effect as the lawfully issued paper document.3
The Regulation leaves other EU and national rules on the form of documents as they are.4
Using the wallet is voluntary, and nobody may be put at a disadvantage for not using it.5
Anyone who has, uses or transports a firearm must carry documentation of how they lawfully came to have it, and show it to the police on request.6
Not settled
We found no rule that obliges anyone to accept the wallet in a check made in person, such as at the border or in a shop.
A phone with an empty battery shows nothing. Until a sector’s rules say that a credential shown from a wallet meets the duty to carry the document, the paper comes along.
On the trip: At the Swedish border, where the customs officer checks Kari’s documents from her phone.
Sources
Reg (EU) 2024/1183, Art. 5f(1)Where Member States require electronic identification and authentication to access an online service provided by a public sector body, they shall also accept European Digital Identity Wallets that are provided in accordance with this Regulation.
Reg (EU) 2024/1183, Art. 2(3)This Regulation does not affect Union or national law related to the conclusion and validity of contracts, other legal or procedural obligations relating to form, or sector-specific requirements relating to form.
Reg (EU) 2024/1183, Art. 5a(15)Access to public and private services, access to the labour market and freedom to conduct business shall not in any way be restricted or made disadvantageous to natural or legal persons that do not use European Digital Identity Wallets.
Våpenlova § 20skal ha med dokumentasjon på lovleg tilkomst til gjenstandane og skal syne fram dokumentasjonen på førespurnad frå politiet
A check can work without network.
A check can work without network. The wallet shows the document at close range, in a format made for it, and the checker’s device has already fetched what it needs to verify it. We found nothing on a crossing with neither a person nor a machine.
More on this: A check can work without network.
The game asks: “Deep in the forest or at an unmanned crossing there may be no network and no officer. How should a check work there?”
What we know
The Regulation defines offline mode: an exchange in one physical place, with technology that works at close range, where the wallet need not reach remote systems over a network.1
Wallets must let users identify themselves online and, “where appropriate”, in offline mode.2
In the ARF, a wallet must support the way of showing a credential at close range that the standard ISO/IEC 18013-5 sets out.3
In the ARF, if a credential must be shown in person without using the internet, its rulebook must say it is issued in the ISO mdoc format.4
The reason the ARF gives for the mdoc format: the other format is shown with a protocol that needs the internet.5
In the ARF, a checker regularly downloads the latest version of the trusted lists it needs.6
In the ARF, the checker sends what it registered inside the request, also at close range, so the wallet need not go online to see it.7
The ARF describes showing credentials at close range to a machine, with nobody there.8
Not settled
We found nothing on declaring something to an authority that has neither a person nor a machine at the crossing.
On the trip: In the forest, where the game warden and the police check Kari with no coverage.
Sources
Reg (EU) 2024/1183, Art. 3(57)whereby the European Digital Identity Wallet is not required to access remote systems via electronic communication networks for the purpose of the interaction.
ARF ch. 6.6.3.6 (rendered)A Relying Party performs regular trust anchor management. It downloads the latest version of all applicable Trusted Lists and LoTEs.
ARF Annex 2, RPRC_19 (note)This ensures that no external requests are necessary to validate the Relying Party.
ARF ch. 4.4.1 (rendered)the Wallet Unit presents attestations to a machine, without human supervision.
Without network, a revoked licence may go unnoticed.
Only the issuer can revoke a document, and it publishes a list. Without network, a checker relies on the copy of the list it fetched last. Each list carries an expiry that its issuer sets, and we found no rule that limits it. For the format used without network, checking the list is optional.
The checker’s device fetches the list
The licence is revoked
A check in the forest, with the old list
Each list carries an expiry that its issuer sets. We found no rule that limits it.More on this: Without network, a revoked licence may go unnoticed.
The game asks: “If your firearms licence is revoked during the trip, how does whoever checks in the forest find out, without a network?”
For the format that works without internet (mdoc), checking the revocation list is optional for the one checking.9
The ARF says a checker should check whether a credential is revoked when it receives it.10
The ARF says checkers should keep a copy of the lists, so they can check without going online.11
With no reliable status to check, as offline with an outdated list, the ARF leaves it to the checker’s own risk analysis whether to accept the credential.12,13
In the ARF, the wallet should check regularly whether its credentials are revoked, and must tell the user when one is.14
Not settled
We found no rule that sets a greatest age for a revocation list: each list carries the expiry its issuer set.
On the trip: In the forest, when the police check Kari’s firearms licence.
Sources
CIR 2024/2977 Art. 5(2)Only providers of person identification data or electronic attestation of attributes can revoke the person identification data or electronic attestations of attributes issued by them.
Reg (EU) 2024/1183, Art. 45d(4)it shall lose its validity from the moment of its revocation and its status shall not in any circumstances be reverted.
Reg (EU) 2024/1183, Art. 45f(4)it shall lose its validity from the moment of its revocation and its status shall not be reverted.
CIR 2024/2979 Annex II, EAA-6.2.10.1-02 (as amended 2026)shall use one of the following methods for revocation of person identification data, qualified electronic attestations of attributes or electronic attestations of attributes provided by or on behalf of a public sector body responsible for an authentic source:
ARF Annex 2, VCR_13A Relying Party Instance SHOULD verify the revocation status of a revocable PID or attestation upon obtaining it from a Wallet Unit.
ARF Annex 2, VCR_15Each Relying Party Instance SHOULD cache the list, so that it can perform revocation checks without making an online request.
ARF Annex 2, VCR_14to determine whether it will accept or refuse a PID or attestation in case no reliable information regarding the revocation status of that PID or attestation is available.
ARF Annex 2, VCR_14 (note)The Relying Party Instance is offline and any cached status information is no longer valid.
ARF Annex 2, VCR_19A Wallet Instance SHOULD regularly check the revocation status of its PIDs and attestations.In case of any revocation, the Wallet Instance SHALL notify the User accordingly.
A time window needs a clock, and we found nothing on whose.
The dog must be treated 24 to 120 hours before it enters Norway. Where the exact time matters, a document’s rulebook must include it. We found no rulebook for pet documents, and nothing on which clock the checker goes by.
The dog may enter Norway
Treatment
24 hours
120 hours
More on this: A time window needs a clock, and we found nothing on whose.
The game asks: “Who checks the tapeworm treatment’s time window, and against which clock?”
What we know
A vet in Sweden treats the dog for tapeworm 24 to 120 hours before it enters Norway, and records it in the passport. Mattilsynet says the vet must be in the country the dog is leaving.1
The vet who treats the dog for tapeworm records it in the passport.1
Dogs coming into Norway are shown, with their documents, to Tolletaten. A dog coming from Sweden that has only been in Sweden and meets all the requirements may go through the green lane.2
In the ARF, where the exact time a credential was issued, or its validity begins or ends, matters, its rulebook must give the credential a detail with that time.3
What organisations told us
Tullverket does not check the dog’s tapeworm treatment, which is a Norwegian requirement.4
The tapeworm treatment is what dog owners ask about most, and hunters find its timing the hardest part of travelling with a dog.5,6
Not settled
We found nothing on which clock the checker goes by when it checks a time window.
On the trip: On the way home, at the Norwegian border, where Tass’s tapeworm treatment must be between 24 and 120 hours old.
Sources
Mattilsynetdokumenteres i EU-kjæledyrpasset eller EU-helsesertifikatet av veterinærengjennomføres mellom 24 og 120 timer før hunden kommer til Norgegjennomføres av en autorisert veterinær i landet hunden reiser fra når den skal til Norge
MattilsynetVis frem dyrene og dyrenes dokumenter til Tolletaten.Kommer du med hund fra Sverige, og hunden kun har vært i Sverige, kan du gå på grønn sone i tollen dersom alle innførselskrav er oppfylt.
ARF Annex 2, ISSU_36athe applicable Attestation Rulebook SHALL specify one or more selectively disclosable attribute(s) containing a timestamp with the required precision.
Tullverket, information to the project, October 2026 (not published)
Workshop on travelling with dogs, October 2026 (not published)
Workshop on hunting, October 2026 (not published)
What could be started on now
Issue credentials that are checked in person in the field in the ISO mdoc format, since they must work without internet in the forest.
Say in each sector’s rules whether a credential shown from a wallet meets the duty to carry the document.
Agree how old a revocation list a check in the forest may rely on, and how often the checkers’ devices fetch it.
Give the people who check in the field a device that reads a wallet at close range: nothing in the rules obliges them to have one.
